. They help support vital bodily functions such as strengthening the immune system, improving cell function, supporting bone health, and preventing chronic diseases.

• Fighting Infections: Some vitamins and minerals, such as vitamin C and zinc, help strengthen the immune system and fight infections. Vitamin D also increases the activity of immune cells.
• Gut Health: Some supplements, such as probiotics, contribute to improving gut health, which plays an important role in regulating the immune system.

• Vital Bodily Functions: Vitamins and minerals contribute to the performance of essential bodily functions. For example, vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium for bone health, while iron helps In transporting oxygen to cells.
• Mental Health: Certain vitamins and minerals, such as B complex vitamins and zinc, can affect brain function, mental health, and mood.
• Combating Stress and Fatigue: Supplements such as ashwagandha and ginseng help regulate the stress response, reduce fatigue, and improve energy levels.

• Antioxidants: Many supplements contain antioxidants that protect the body's cells from damage.
• Chronic Diseases: A deficiency in certain vitamins and minerals can reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.

Modern veterinary vaccine manufacturing technologies rely on innovative techniques such as DNA vaccines, mRNA vaccines, and

Recombinant Vaccines.

In contrast, quality controls focus on rigorous verification processes, compliance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), and ensuring the safety, stability, and potency of the vaccine until it reaches the animal.

• DNA and mRNA Vaccines: These technologies use genetic blueprints to produce antigens instead of the antigens themselves, allowing for the stimulation of a stronger and more sustained immune response.
• Recombinant Vaccines: These allow for the design of versatile vaccines that can target multiple viral strains using different genes.
• Live Attenuated Vaccines: While still common in the veterinary sector, genetic engineering techniques enhance their effectiveness and increase their safety, allowing them to respond better against different viral strains.
• Vaccination using radiation technology: Radiation can be used to inactivate microorganisms to produce safer vaccines, as this method preserves the organism's structure and allows the immune system to recognize it.

• Verification processes: The manufacturing process must be validated to ensure it yields a consistent final product.
• Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP): All vaccines must be manufactured according to these practices to ensure quality and safety.
• Antigen safety verification: Antigens must be evaluated to ensure their safety and suitability for use in animals.
• Studies: Studies must be conducted to evaluate the stability of new vaccines and determine their expiration dates. Its validity.
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• Identification of impurities: Impurities must be identified, described, and their integrity verified according to VICH guidelines.

• Increasing Domestic Production: Companies contribute to meeting the growing demand for animal medicines and vaccines by increasing their production capacity and expanding their production lines, thus reducing the need to rely on imports.
• Localizing Industry and Technology Transfer: Companies work to localize the veterinary vaccine and medicine industry through international partnerships to transfer the necessary technology and localize expertise and knowledge.
• Supporting Health and Food Security: Domestic production contributes to achieving health security for livestock, which positively impacts national food security by providing high-quality animal products at reasonable prices, according to The official website of the Presidency of the Republic states:
• Reducing the import bill: By producing local alternatives to veterinary medicines and preparations, companies contribute to saving hard currency and reducing the import bill.
• Opening new export markets: Producing high-quality, import-free products enhances the competitiveness of local companies in international markets and opens new export opportunities.